Winter can take a serious toll on your plumbing. In cold climates, frozen pipes are a common problem—and an expensive one. When water inside a pipe freezes, it expands and puts pressure on the pipe walls, often leading to cracks or bursts. This can cause major water damage and costly repairs.
Heat tape offers a simple, effective way to prevent this. It wraps around your pipes and provides consistent warmth, keeping water flowing and protecting your home throughout the winter months. In this guide, you’ll learn how heat tape works, how to choose the right type, and how to install and maintain it properly.
Why Frozen Pipes Are a Serious Risk
Frozen pipes can disrupt your water supply, making it difficult or impossible to use sinks, showers, or appliances. But the more serious threat is when those frozen pipes burst. Once they thaw, water can flood your walls, ceilings, or floors, causing severe structural damage.
This problem is especially common in:
- Basements, crawl spaces, and attics
- Pipes along exterior walls
- Garages and outdoor plumbing
The financial cost and inconvenience of repairing frozen or burst pipes can be significant. That’s why it’s critical to take preventative steps before the temperatures drop.
How Heat Tape Prevents Freezing
Heat tape is essentially an electric heating cable that runs along the outside of your pipe. When plugged in, it generates enough warmth to keep the pipe’s temperature above freezing, even in extreme conditions. Some versions include built-in thermostats, which automatically turn the tape on or off based on the surrounding temperature—helping conserve energy while maintaining protection.
Once installed, heat tape works quietly and reliably. It’s an ideal solution for vulnerable pipes where insulation alone isn’t enough.
Types of Heat Tape and Heating Cables
Not all heat tape is the same. Choosing the right type depends on your pipe material, climate, and where the pipes are located.
Self-regulating heat tape is the most popular option for residential use. It automatically adjusts its heat output depending on how cold the surrounding air is. That makes it energy-efficient and safe for use on both plastic and metal pipes. It’s also less likely to overheat, even if overlapped slightly during installation.
Constant wattage heat tape provides steady, fixed heat regardless of outdoor conditions. While it doesn’t adjust based on temperature, it’s great for areas where consistent heating is required. It’s often used in commercial settings or places with continuous exposure to extreme cold.
When choosing between them, consider:
- The type of pipe (plastic or metal)
- Whether the pipe is indoors or exposed to outdoor weather
- The length and diameter of the pipe
- Energy efficiency needs and safety features
How to Choose the Right Heat Tape
Selecting the proper heat tape is essential for both safety and performance. Start by confirming that the product is compatible with your pipe type. Some heat tapes are only safe for use with metal pipes, while others work with both metal and plastic. Make sure the length and wattage match the size of your plumbing.
Also look for key features like:
- Built-in thermostats
- Moisture-resistant or outdoor-rated models
- UL or ETL safety certifications
Buying from a reputable brand and supplier will ensure the product performs as expected when you need it most.
Installing Heat Tape: Step-by-Step
Heat tape installation is a manageable DIY task, as long as you follow the instructions carefully.
- Clean the pipe surface to remove any dust or moisture. This helps the heat tape adhere properly and function efficiently.
- Apply the heat tape according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Some models wrap in a spiral; others run straight along the pipe.
- Avoid overlapping the tape, which can cause overheating. Secure the tape in place with electrical tape or plastic ties.
- Plug the tape into a grounded outlet, making sure the power supply can handle the load.
- Add pipe insulation over the tape to help retain heat and increase energy efficiency.
Once installed, test the tape by turning it on and confirming it warms up. Many types will only activate when it’s cold enough, so it helps to check the thermostat functionality as well.
Don’t Forget Insulation
Insulating your pipes after applying heat tape adds an extra layer of protection. It helps trap the warmth generated by the tape and shields the pipe from cold air. Use materials like foam sleeves or fiberglass wrap, depending on your setup.
Make sure the insulation fits snugly without compressing the heat tape. Avoid gaps where cold air could sneak in. Properly installed insulation improves performance and helps the system operate more efficiently through the winter.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
A little maintenance goes a long way in keeping your heat tape system reliable. Periodically inspect the cables for wear, frayed sections, or damage from animals or weather. Confirm the power connection is secure and that the outlet is dry and functional.
If your tape includes a thermostat, check that it activates at low temperatures. If it doesn’t heat up as expected, check the manufacturer’s troubleshooting guide and make sure insulation hasn’t gotten wet or deteriorated.
Common issues include:
- Tape not warming up due to a tripped outlet or faulty plug
- Damage from incorrect installation or weather exposure
- Thermostats stuck in the off position due to debris or corrosion
Staying ahead of potential problems will help your system work effectively when it matters most.
Where to Buy Heat Tape
Heat tape is available at most major hardware and home improvement stores, including Home Depot, Lowe’s, and Menards. You can also find a wide selection online through Amazon, eBay, Grainger, and specialized plumbing suppliers.
When shopping, be sure to:
- Compare product features
- Read customer reviews
- Verify safety certifications
Buying quality products ensures you’re investing in a system that lasts through the coldest winters.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use heat tape on plastic pipes?
Yes, but only if the product is specifically rated for plastic. Always check the label.
Does heat tape use a lot of electricity?
Self-regulating models are quite efficient and only use power when needed.
Can I install it myself?
Most homeowners can install heat tape with basic tools and by following instructions. However, for complex systems or hard-to-reach areas, a professional can help.
How long does it last?
With proper care and seasonal checks, heat tape can last 3 to 5 years or more.
Winter-Proof Your Pipes the Smart Way
Frozen pipes are one of the most avoidable winter disasters. With a small investment in the right heat tape and a bit of effort during installation, you can keep your water flowing and your home protected—even during freezing temperatures.
By choosing the right product, installing it correctly, and maintaining it seasonally, you can prevent burst pipes, avoid costly damage, and enjoy peace of mind all winter long.
Not sure where to start? NSP Plumbing is here to help. Whether you need expert advice, professional installation, or a full winterization service, our team is ready 24/7 to protect your home. Book an appointment on our website today and stay ahead of the freeze.
